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Ross Hebrew Vocab, Complete List (457 Cards)
Complete vocabulary listings from Ross' textbook
Source: Alan P. Ross, Introducing Biblical Hebrew
Creator: Sonofthunder
| אָב | father |
| אָבַד | (Qal) to perish |
| אֶ֫בֶן | stone; rock (f) |
| אָדוֹן | master; lord |
| אָדָם | Adam; humankind; man |
| אֲדָמָה | earth (f); ground |
| אָהֵב/אָהַב | (Qal) to love |
| אֹ֫הֶל | tent |
| אוֹר | light; daylight |
| אוֹת/אֹת | pledge; sign |
| אָז | at that time; then |
| אֹ֫זֶן | ear |
| אָח | brother |
| אֶחָד | one |
| אָחוֹת | sister (f) |
| אָחַז | (Qal) to seize; grasp; lay hold of |
| אַחֵר | other; another |
| אַחֲרֵי | after; behind |
| אֹיֵב | enemy |
| אַיֵּה | where? |
| אַ֫יִל | ram |
| אַ֫יִן/אֵין | there is not; there are not |
| אֵיפֹה | where? |
| אִישׁ | humankind; man |
| אָכַל | to eat; consume |
| אֵל | strong one; god; God |
| אֶל | to; toward |
| אַל | not; no |
| אֱלֹהִים | gods; God |
| אֶ֫לֶף | thousand (m) |
| אִם | if |
| אֵם | mother (f) |
| אָמַן | (Qal) to support; (Niphal) to be faithful; reliable; (Hiphil) to believe |
| אָמַר | to say |
| אֱמֶת | truth; faithfulness (f); firmness |
| אֲנָשִׁים | men (irregular pl.) |
| אָסַף | (Qal) to gather; remove |
| אָסַר | (Qal) to tie; imprision; bind |
| אַף | nostril; nose; anger |
| אַרְבַּע/אַרְבָּאָה | four (f/m) |
| אֶ֫רֶץ | earth; land (f) |
| אָרַר | (Qal) to curse; banish |
| אֵשׁ | fire (m/f) |
| אִשָּׁה | woman; wife (f) |
| אֲשֶׁר | that; which; who |
| אֵת/אֶת־ | near; with |
| אֶת־/אֵת | [sign of the accusative] |
| בְּ | in; by; with |
| בֶּ֫גֶד | garment |
| בּוֹא | (Qal) to go in; enter; come in; (Hiphil) to bring; bring in |
| בּוֹשׁ/בּשׁ | confounded; (Hiphil) to confound; (Qal) to be ashamed; (Hithpolel) to be ashamed before one another; (Qal) to be ashamed |
| בָּחַן | try; to examine |
| בָּחַר | to choose; select |
| בָּטַח | to trust |
| בִּין | (Qal) to discern; understand; perceive |
| בֵּין | among; between |
| בִּינָה | understanding; perception (f) |
| בַּ֫יִת | tent; house |
| בָּכָה | (Qal) to weep; (Piel) to bewail |
| בְּכוֹר | firstborn |
| בִּלְתִּי | not (with infinitive construct) |
| בָּמָה | high place (f) |
| בֵּן | son; son |
| בָּנָה | construct; (Niphal) to be built; form; (Qal) to build |
| בָּנוֹת | daughters (f) |
| בַּֽעֲבוּר | for the sake of; because of |
| בַּ֫עַד | on behalf of; behind; (prep) away from |
| בְּעֵינֵי | in the opinion of; in the eyes of |
| בָּעַר | (Piel) to kindle; consume; burn |
| בָּקָר | herd; cattle; oxen |
| בֹּ֫קֶר | morning |
| בָּקַשׁ | exact; (Piel) to seek; desire |
| בָּרָא | to create |
| בָּרַח | (Qal) to flee |
| בְּרִית | covenant; treaty (f) |
| בָּרַךְ | (Qal) to bless |
| בְּרָכָה | blessing; gift (f) |
| בָּשָׂר | flesh; body |
| בֹּ֫שֶׁת | shame; disgrace (f) |
| בַּת | young girl (f); daughter |
| בָּֽתִּים | houses (irregular pl.) |
| גָּאַל | protect; to redeem |
| גְּבוּל | territory; border; boundary |
| גִּבּוֹר | (n) warrior; hero; (adj) mighty valiant |
| גִּבְעָה | hill; height (f) |
| גָּדוֹל | large; great |
| גָּדַל | (Qal) to be great; (Hiphil) to make great; cause to grow; magnify; magnify; become great; (Piel) to make great; do great things; (Qal) to be great |
| גּוֹי | nation; people; Gentile |
| גּוּר | sojourn; (Qal) to lodge |
| גָּלָה | (Qal) to uncover; remove; reveal; (Piel) to uncover; reveal; (Hiphil) to lead into exile |
| גַּם | also |
| גָּמָל | camel |
| גַּן | garden |
| גָּרַשׁ | expel; (Qal) to drive away; (Piel) to drive out |
| דָּבַר | (Piel) to speak |
| דָּבָר | matter; thing; word |
| דּוֹר/דֹּר | generation; age; period |
| דָּם | blood; bloodguiltiness |
| דָּמַם | (Qal) to be silent; dumb; (Hiphil) to destroy; astonished |
| דֶּ֫רֶךְ | road; way (m/f) |
| דָּרַשׁ | examine; inquire; to seek |
| הֲ/הַ/הֶ | (interrogative sentence indicator) |
| הוּא | it; he |
| הָיָה | (Qal) to be; happen; come to pass |
| הֵיכָל | palace; temple |
| הָֽלְכוּ | walked (mpl.); they went |
| הָלַל | (Piel) to praise |
| הִנֵּה/הֵן | look; here is |
| הַר | mountian; hill country |
| הָרָה | (Qal) to conceive; be pregnant |
| וְ | and; now; but |
| זָבַח | sacrifice; kill; to slaughter |
| זֶ֫בַח | sacrifice; slaughtering |
| זָהָב | gold |
| זָכַר | (Qal) to remember; (Hiphil) to remind; keep in remembrance; commemorate; to remember |
| זָכָר | male |
| זֵ֫כֶר | remembrance; memorial |
| זָקֵן | to be old; grow old; (adj) old; elder; (adj) elder; old; (n) old man |
| זֶ֫רַע | seed |
| חַ | the |
| חָבָא | (Hithpael) to hide oneself |
| חָדַל | leave off; to cease |
| חָדָשׁ | new |
| חָוָה | (Hishtaphel) to bow down; worship |
| חוֹמָה | wall (f) |
| חוּץ | outside |
| חָזַק | strengthen; (Qal) to be or grow strong or firm |
| חָטָא | to sin; miss (the mark or the way) |
| חַטָּאת | sin-offering (f); sin |
| חַי | living; alive |
| חַיָּה | animal (f); living thing |
| חָיָה | (Qal) to live; exist; (Piel) to make alive; restore alive |
| חַיִּים | lifetime; life |
| חַ֫יִל | strength; valor; power |
| חָכָם | wise; skillful |
| חָכְמָה | wisdom (f) |
| חֲלוֹם | dream |
| חָלַךְ | move to and fro; he walked; went; (Hithpael) to walk about |
| חָלַל | defile; (Niphal) to defile oneself; (Hiphil) to pollute; to begin |
| חֲמוֹר | donkey |
| חָמֵשׁ/חֲמִשָּׁה | five (f/m) |
| חֵן | grace; favor |
| חָנַן | (Qal) to show favor; (Hithpael) to seek or implore favor |
| חֶ֫סֶד | loving-kindness; loyal love |
| חָפֵץ | to delight in; have pleasure in |
| חֲצִי | half |
| חָצֵר | settlement; enclosure; village |
| חֹק | statute |
| חֶ֫רֶב | sword (f) |
| חָרַג | to kill; slay |
| חָרָה | be kindled; (Qal) to burn; be angry |
| חָשַׁב | (Qal) to think; account |
| חָשׂךְ | refrain; (Qal) to hold back; withhold |
| חֹ֫שֶׁךְ | obscurity; darkness |
| טוֹב | good |
| טָמֵא | (Qal) to be or become unclean; (Hithpael) to defile oneself |
| טֶ֫רֶם | before |
| יָד | hand (m/f) |
| יָדָה | give thanks; praise; (Hithpael) to confess; (Hiphil) to acknowledge |
| יָדַע | to know |
| יָהַב | (Qal) to give |
| יְהוּדָה | Judah |
| יְהוָה | YHWH; the Lord |
| יוֹם | day |
| יָטַב | (Qal) to be good; well; pleasing |
| יָכֹל | to be able |
| יָלַד | to bring forth; bear; beget |
| יֶ֫לֶד | child |
| יָם | sea |
| יָמִים | days (irregular pl) |
| יָמִין | right-hand |
| יָסַף | (Qal) to add; (Hiphil) to add |
| יַ֫עַן | because (used before infinitive construct) |
| יָפֶה | beautiful; excellent |
| יָצָא | to go out; come out |
| יָצַב | set or station oneself; (Hithpael) to take one's stand |
| יָקָר | rare; costly; precious |
| יָרֵא | to be afraid; fear |
| יִרְאָה | fear; reverence (f) |
| יָרַד | descend; to go down |
| יָרָה | (Qal) to throw; point; direct; teach; cast; (Hiphil) to throw |
| יְרוּשָׁלַ֫יִם | Jerusalem |
| יָרֵחַ | moon |
| יָרַשׁ | dispossess; (Qal) to inherit; take possession |
| יֵשׁ/יֶשׁ־ | there is; there are |
| יָשַׁב | sat; he dwelled |
| יְשׁוּעָה | deliverance; salvation (f) |
| יָשֵׁן/יָשַׁן | (Qal) to sleep |
| יָשַׁע | (Niphal) to be saved; (Hiphil) to save; deliver |
| יָשָׁר | upright; right; straight |
| יִשְׂרָאֵל | Israel |
| יָתַר | let remain; remain over; (Hiphil) to leave; (Niphal) to be left over |
| כְּ | like; as; according to |
| כַּֽאֲשֶׁר | when; as |
| כָּבֵד | important; (adj) heavy; to be heavy |
| כָּבוֹד | honor; glory |
| כֹּה | thus; so; here |
| כֹּהֵן | priest |
| כּוֹכָב | star |
| כּוּן | establish; (Niphal) to be established; prepare; faithful; (Hiphil) to set up; make ready; establish; (Polel) to set up; prepared |
| כֹּחַ/כּוֹחַ | power; strength |
| כִּי | because; that; when |
| כֹּל/כָּל־ | every; each; all |
| כָּלָה | complete; (Qal) to be finished; completed; (Piel) to finish |
| כְּלִי | utensil; vessel |
| כָּמוֹ | like |
| כֶּן־/כֵּן | (adv.) thus; so |
| כִּסֵּא | throne; chair |
| כָּסָה | (Qal) to cover; clothe; conceal; conceal; (Niphal) to be covered; (Piel) to cover |
| כֶּ֫סֶף | silver; money |
| כַּף | palm; sole (f); hand |
| כָּפַר | (Piel) to make atonement; expiate; pacify |
| כְּרוּב | cherub |
| כֶּ֫רֶם | vineyard; orchard |
| כָּרַת | cut off; to cut |
| כָּתַב | to write |
| לְ | for; to |
| לֹא/לוֹא | not; no |
| לֵאמֹר | (inf. const.) saying |
| לֵב/לֵבָב | heart |
| לְבַד | alone |
| לָבַשׁ/לָבֵשׁ | (Qal) to be clothed; array; put on garments; (Hiphil) to clothe |
| לָחַם | (Niphal) to fight; wage war; do battle |
| לֶ֫חֶם | bread; food |
| לַ֫יְלָה | night (m) |
| לָכַד | to capture; seize; take |
| לָכֵן | therefore |
| לָמַד | (Qal) to learn; (Piel) to teach |
| לָ֫מָּה | why? wherefore? |
| לְמַ֫עַן | for the sake of; in order that; so that |
| לָקַח | to take; receive |
| לָשׁוֹן | language; tongue |
| מְאֹד | very much; exceedingly; much |
| מֵאָה | hundred (f) |
| מָאַן | (Piel) to refuse; be unwilling |
| מִדְבָּר | desert; wilderness |
| מָדַד | (Qal) to measure |
| מַה | what? |
| מוֹעֵד | appointed time; meeting place; season |
| מוּת | (Polel) to kill; be dead; (Hiphil) to kill; (Qal) to die |
| מָ֫וֶת | death |
| מִזְבֵּחַ | altar |
| מַחֲנֶה | camp |
| מָחַר | hurry; (Niphal) to be hurried; rash; (Piel) to hasten |
| מַטֶּה | staff; tribe |
| מִי | who? |
| מַ֫יִם | waters (mpl); water |
| מָכַר | to sell |
| מָלֵא | filled; to be full |
| מַלְאָךְ | angel; messenger |
| מְלָאכָה | service; work; mission (f) |
| מִלְחָמָה | battle (f); war |
| מָלַט | (Niphal) to slip away; escape; be delivered |
| מָלַךְ | reign; to be/become king; rule |
| מֶ֫לֶךְ | king |
| מַלְכָּה | queen (f) |
| מַמְלָכָה | dominion (f); kingdom |
| מִן | from; some of |
| מִנְחָה | tribute; gift; offering (f) |
| מִסְפָּר | number |
| מַֽעֲשֶׂה | deed; work |
| מָצָא | to find |
| מִצְוָה | commandment (f) |
| מָקוֹם | place |
| מִקְנֶה | possession; cattle; property |
| מַרְאֶה | appearance; sight; vision |
| מָרַר | (Qal) to be bitter; (Piel) to show bitterness; (Hiphil) to make bitter |
| מָשַׁח | smear; to anoint |
| מִשְׁכָּן | tabernacle; dwelling place |
| מָשַׁל | (Qal) to rule; have dominion; (Hiphil) to cause to rule; exercise dominion |
| מִשְׁפָּחָה | clan (f); family |
| מִשְׁפָּט | judgment; decision |
| נָא | please; (or untranslated); now |
| נָבָא | (Hithpael) to prophesy |
| נָבַט | (Piel) to look; (Hiphil) to look; gaze |
| נָבִיא | prophet |
| נְבִיאָה | prophetness (f) |
| נֶ֫גֶב | south country; south; Negev |
| נָגַד | (Hiphil) to tell; declare |
| נֶ֫גֶד | (adv. or prep.) in front of; opposite |
| נָגַע | strike; (Qal) to touch |
| נָגַשׁ | (Qal) to approach; draw near |
| נָדַר | (Qal) to vow |
| נֶ֫דֶר/נֵ֫דֶר | vow |
| נָהָר | river |
| נוּחַ | lay down; settle down; (Hiphil) to cause to rest; (Qal) to rest; to set down |
| נוּס | (Qal) to flee; escape; (Hiphil) to put to flight |
| נָחַם | have compassion; (Piel) to comfort; console; repent; (Niphal) to be sorry |
| נָטָה | spread out; stretch out; (Qal) to extend |
| נָכָה | strike; (Hiphil) to attack; smite (archaic) |
| נָסַע | travel; to journey |
| נַ֫עַל | sandal; shoe (f) |
| נַ֫עַר | servant; lad; youth |
| נָפַל | lie; to fall |
| נֶ֫פֶשׁ | living being (f); life |
| נָצַל | snatch away; save; (Hiphil) to deliver; (Niphal) to be delivered; (Piel) to deliver |
| נָשָׂא | to lift up; carry; take |
| נָשִׂיא | chief prince; prince |
| נָשִׁים | women (f) (irregular pl.) |
| נָתַן | he gave |
| סָבַב | turn about; (Hiphil) to cause to turn; lead about; (Qal) to go around; surround |
| סָבִיב | circuit; round about |
| סָגַר | shut up; to close; shut |
| סוּס | horse |
| סוּסָה | mare (f) |
| סוּר | remove; depart; (Hiphil) to cause to turn away; (Qal) to turn aside |
| סָפַר | (Qal) to count; (Piel) to tell; relate; recount |
| סֵ֫פֶר | book |
| סָתַר | (Hiphil) to hide; (Niphal) to hide oneself; be hid; be concealed; conceal [something] |
| עָבַד | to work; serve |
| עֶ֫בֶד | slave; servant |
| עֲבוֹדָה | work; service (f); labor |
| עָבַר | transgress; cross through; overstep; (Qal) to cross over |
| עִבְרִי | (Proper Noun) Hebrew |
| עַד | as far as; until; up to |
| עֵדָה | congregation; assembly (f) |
| עוֹד | still; yet |
| עוֹלָם | antiquity; ever; long duration |
| עָוֹן | iniquity; guilt; punishment (for the iniquity) |
| עָזַב | loose; to leave; to leave; loose; forsake; forsake |
| עַ֫יִן | well (f); eye |
| עִיר | city (f) |
| עַל־ | on; upon; against; by; over |
| עָלָה | go up; (Qal) to ascend |
| עֹלָה/עוֹלָה | burnt offering (f) |
| עִם | with |
| עַם | nation; people |
| עָמַד | (Qal) to stand; to take one's stand |
| עָנָה | oppress; testify; sing; (Piel) to afflict; (Qal) to answer |
| עֵץ | tree; trees; wood |
| עֵצָה | advice (f); counsel |
| עֶ֫רֶב | evening |
| עָשָׂה | (Qal) to work; do; make |
| עֶ֫שֶׂר/עֲשָׂרָה | ten (f/m) |
| עֵת | time (f) |
| עַתָּה | now |
| פֶּה | edge; mouth; opening |
| פֹּה | here |
| פָּלַל | pray; judge; (Hithpael) to intercede; (Piel) to mediate |
| פֶּן | lest |
| פָּנָה | turn away; (Qal) to turn; turn to |
| פָּנִים | face (only pl) |
| פָּקַד | to appoint; visit; attend to |
| פַּר | young bull; bull |
| פָּרָה | young cow (f); heifer |
| פְּרִי | fruit |
| פָּרַר | annul; frustrate; (Hiphil) to break |
| פָּתָה | (Qal) to be simple |
| פָּתַח | (Qal) to open |
| צֹאן | sheep (f); flock |
| צָבָא | host; army |
| צַדִּיק | righteous |
| צֶ֫דֶק | righteousness |
| צְדָקָה | righteousness (f) |
| צִוָּה | (Piel) to command; appoint |
| צוּר | cliff; rock |
| צָעַק | to cry out; call out |
| צָפוֹן | north (f) |
| צָרָה | strait (f); distress |
| קָבַץ | collect; to gather; assemble |
| קָבַר | to bury |
| קֶ֫בֶר | grave |
| קָדוֹשׁ/קָדֹשׁ | (adj) holy; sacred; (n) sanctuary |
| קֶ֫דֶם | (adv.) east; front |
| קָדֵשׁ/קָדַשׁ | consecrate; set apart; be set apart; (Piel) to sanctify; (Qal) to be holy |
| קָהָל | congregation; assembly |
| קוֹל | sound; voice |
| קוּם | (Polel) to raise; stand; (Hiphil) to raise; stand up; (Qal) to arise; establish |
| קָטֹן | unimportant; small |
| קָטַר | (Piel) to burn; burn incense; sacrifice |
| קָלַל | (Qal) to be slight; curse; swift; (Piel) to make light; trifling; lighten; make contemptible; (Hiphil) to make light |
| קָנָה | acquire; (Homonym) to create; (Qal) to get |
| קֵץ/קָצָה/קָצֶה | extremity; end |
| קָצַר | (Qal) to reap; harvest |
| קָרָא | proclaim; to call; read; name |
| קָרַב | present; appraoch; (Hiphil) to bring near; draw near; (Qal) to come near |
| קֶ֫רֶב | midst |
| קָרוֹב | near |
| קָשֶׂה | difficult; hard |
| רָאָה | (Qal) to see; perceive; (Niphal) to appear; (Hiphil) to show |
| רֹאשׁ | chief; head; top |
| רִאשׁוֹן/רִישׁוֹן | first; former; chief |
| רַב | much; many |
| רֹב | abundance; greatness; multitude |
| רָבָה | many; multiply; (Qal) to be/become much; increase; great; (Piel) to make many; increase; (Hiphil) to make many |
| רִבּוֹ/רְבָבָה | ten thousand (f) |
| רֶ֫גֶל | foot (f) |
| רָדַף | persecute; chase; to pursue |
| רוּחַ | spirit; breath; mind (f) |
| רוּם | lift up; (Polel) to raise; elevate; make high; exalted; (Hiphil) to raise; (Qal) to be high |
| רוּץ | (Qal) to run; rush; (Hiphil) to chase away |
| רֹ֫חַב | breadth; width |
| רָחוֹק | (adj.) far; distant; (n) distance |
| רָכַב | to ride |
| רַע | evil |
| רָעָב | famine; hunger |
| רָעָה | (Qal) to guide; shepherd; tend; lead a flock |
| רָעַע | cause evil; (Qal) to be bad; evil; (Hiphil) to do evil |
| רַק | except; only |
| רָשָׁע | wicked; evil; guilty |
| שָׁאַל | to ask |
| שָׁאַר | remain; (Niphal) to be left over |
| שֶׁ֫בֶט/שֵׁ֫בֶט | scepter; tribe; rod; staff |
| שָׁבַע | take an oath; (Niphal) to swear |
| שֶׁ֫בַע/שִׁבְעָה | seven (f/m) |
| שָׁבַר | destroy; to break |
| שַׁבָּת | Sabbath (f sometimes m) |
| שָׁבַת | to cease; rest |
| שָׂדֶה | country; field |
| שׁוּב | bring back; repeat; (Qal) to return; turn back; repent; (Hiphil) to restore |
| שׂוּם/שִׂים | (Qal) to place; set; put |
| שָׁחַת | pervert; (Niphal) to be spoiled; corrupt; (Hiphil) to spoil; corrupted; (Piel) to ruin; ruin |
| שִׁיר | (Qal) to sing; song |
| שִׁית/שׂוּת | (Qal) to place; put; set |
| שָׁכַב | to lie down; recline |
| שָׁכַח | forsake; to forget |
| שָׁכַן | abide; settle down; to dwell |
| שָׁלוֹם | peace; welfare; prosperity |
| שָׁלַח | to send; stretch out; extend |
| שֻׁלְחָן | table |
| שָׁלַךְ | cast; fling; (Hiphil) to throw |
| שָׁלֵם | reward; sound; (Piel) to complete; complete; (Qal) to be whole; repay |
| שָׁלשׁ/שְׁלשָׁה | three (f/m) |
| שֵׁם | name |
| שָׁם | there |
| שָׁמַד | (Hiphil) to destroy; annihilate; (Niphal) to be destroyed |
| שָׁמַח | to be glad; rejoice |
| שִׁמְחָה | joy; gladness (f) |
| שָׁמַ֫יִם | sky; heaven |
| שָׁמַם | ravage; appalled; (Hiphil) to desolate; (Qal) to be desolated |
| שְׁמֹנֶה/שְׁמֹנָה | eight (f/m) |
| שָׁמַע | to hear; listen |
| שָׁמַר | guard; to keep; watch |
| שֶׁ֫מֶשׁ | sun |
| שָׂנֵא | (Qal) to hate |
| שָׁנָה | year (f) |
| שְׁנַ֫יִם/שְׁתַּ֫יִם | two (f/m) |
| שַׁ֫עַר | gate |
| שָׂפָה | edge (f); lip |
| שָׁפַט | govern; to judge |
| שָׁפַךְ | shed; pour out; to pour |
| שָׁקָה | give drink to; irrigate; (Hiphil) to water |
| שֶׁ֫קֶר | falsehood; deception; vanity |
| שַׂר | chief; prince; captain |
| שָׂרָה | Sarah; princess (f) |
| שָׁרַף | to burn |
| שֵׁשׁ/שִׁשָּׁה | six (f/m) |
| שָׁתָה | (Qal) to drink |
| תָּ֫וֶךְ | midst |
| תּוֹעֵבָה | taboo (f); abomination |
| תּוֹרָה | instruction (f); Law; law |
| תַּ֫חַת | instead of; under |
| תָּמִיד | (adv.) continually; continually |
| תָּמַם | finish; finished; (Hiphil) to complete; (Qal) to be complete |
| תְּפִלָּה | prayer (f) |
| תָּפַשׂ | to grasp; lay hold of; seize |
| תֵּ֫שַׁע/תִּשְׁעָה | nine (f/m) |